1.1. Francis Allman,[2,3,12] born 1/11/1780,[1,4,8,9,38,64,65] Co Clare, Ireland.[4,9,38,64,65] Died 12/10/1860, Meehan Street, Yass, NSW (s/o John & Harriet),[1,2,9,38,64,65] (80yo),[9,38] and buried in St Clement's Churchyard.[9] Enlisted with his brother, John, in 1794,[4,11,38,64] as an ensign,[38,64,65] in the Queen's Royal Regiment of Foot.[64,65] By 1801 he had served in Holland and Egypt.[64,65] In 1801 at Alexandria he was wounded and received the Sultan's Medal for Egypt.[64,65] On 20/8/1801 he was promoted to Lieutenant, and joined the newly formed Regiment 2/48th on 9/7/1803.[64] (Also known as the 48th Northamptonshire Foot Regiment.[3,4,7,9,33,38]) Served in the Napoleonic wars,[4,7,38,64] and during the Battle of Albuera (Spain),[4,7,9,64,65] on 16/5/1811,[64] he received a sabre wound to the head and was captured by French soldiers.[4,7,9,64,65] He consequently spent the balance of the Peninsular War as a prisoner.[64] He carried the scars of his wound to his grave.[64] He was released after the battle of Waterloo,[9,38,64] rejoined the regiment in Ireland in 1814.[64] In consideration of his wounds he was granted a life pension of £100.[65] For his military service he was awarded the General Service Medal with 4 clasps, naming the battles in which he fought with distinction: Egypt, Talavera -28/6/1809, Busaco 27/9/1810 & Albuera 16/5/1811.[64] By the time he arrived in Australia he had attained the rank of Captain.[3,4,7,9,33,38,64] Free settler, arrived NSW on the "Minerva", 30/4/1818,[1,64] as a Captain in command of a detachment of the 48th Regiment who were based in NSW for until the early 1830s.[33,65] Francis' arrival was recorded in Governor Lachlan Macquarie's personal diary:

"Thursday 30. April 1818 At 8,O'Clock this Evening, the two Male Convict Ships Lady Castlereagh Commanded by Capt. George Weltden with 300 Male Convicts from England, and the Minerva Commanded by Capt. John Bell with 160 Male Convicts from Ireland, anchored in Port Jackson; the former Ship having sailed from England on the 22d. of Decr. and the latter from Cork on the 1st. of Jany. last; neither of the Ships having touched any where during the Voyage nor lost a Single Man. — Mr. Jas. Cragie is Surgeon Supdt. of the Lady Castlereagh, and Lieut. Brotheridge of the 48th. Regt. commands the Guard; Mr. — [name omitted] Hunter is Surgeon Supdt. of the Minerva, and Capt. Allman of the 48th. Regt. commands the Guard on board that Ship."[33]

The Minerva brought Irish convicts and Irish free settlers.[1] Upon his arrival in 1818 and until 1821, Francis served in the garrison.[64] On 11/3/1821, under orders from Governor Macquarie, Francis established the penal settlement at Port Macquarie,[3,5,6,9,64] landing at the "town green" at the top of what is now Clarence Street.[5] Under his command (he was appointed as Commandant and Magistrate[64]) were three ships (the brig "Lady Nelson", the cutter "Mermaid" and the schooner "Prince Regent"[64]) with 44 military personnel and 60 convicts who were chosen for their skills and good behaviour and encouraged with the possibility of conditional pardons or tickets-of-leave after 18 months.[6] It was indicative of future problems with the shallow river bar that all three ships were wrecked in entering the harbour.[6] On the voyage most of Allman's possessions were washed overboard and he and his family were seriously incommoded.[65] Fourteen years later his claim for compensation was dismissed by Lord Glenelg who ruled that such loss was a hazard of colonial service, although he conceded that the circumstance was 'unfortunate'.[65] Near the landing spot is a small rise where Francis hoisted the British flag - now known as Allman Hill (at the top of Clarence St).[6] Captain Allman immediately began directing the 60 convicts sent to establish the settlement, to clear the area of trees and begin farming in order to become self-sufficient.[5] Timber supplies further south near Newcastle where dwindling providing further impetus to the clearing.[5] They established a stockade for defence against prospective Aboriginal attacks, within which they erected quarters for officers and convicts, a cottage for the Commandant and gardens for the cultivation of produce. One of the first buildings - the garrison hospital - still stands. Port Macquarie was then the most northerly settlement in the colony.[6] Macquarie's idea was that the settlement would prove self-sustaining and, by 1824, convicts were employed in building, agriculture (mostly wheat, tobacco, cotton, vegetables and maize), boatbuilding, blacksmithing, teaching, baking and clerical duties etc.[6] Poultry, pigs, cows and horses were also slowly amassed.[6] St Thomas' Anglican Church was built between 1824 and 1828 and a Female Factory, where the women made nails and other items, was erected in 1825.[6] As timber was being rapidly decimated in the Newcastle area, the cedar and other timber near Port Macquarie was of particular interest to administrators.[6] In 1821 Captain Allman also instructed a black prisoner from Antigua in the West Indies to commence the cultivation of the first sugarcane in Australia.[5,6] The first sugar mill was established in 1824.[5,6] However, the port was a little too southerly and the industry was abandoned in the 1860s.[6] The penal settlement endured into the early 1840's after the area was opened up to free settlers in 1830.[5] Francis remained the Commandant of Port Macquarie until 4/1824.[49,65] When Governor Macquarie visited the settlement in November 1821 he occupied Allman's cottage and found it very neat and comfortable, the barracks 'clean and commodious', the soldiers in good order, and ninety-four convicts 'healthy, well clothed and without any complaint whatever'.[65] On returning to Sydney he resumed normal duties, but served on the board of inquiry into the system of issuing rations.[65] On 19/12/1824 Francis retired on half-pay and was appointed Commandant & Justice of the Peace at Newcastle, NSW.[49,65] Two years later Governor Ralph Darling abolished this office and appointed a stipendiary magistrate (Captain Samuel Wright, the two were later neighbours in the Hunter Valley.[7]), intending that Allman 'take charge of the Police Establishment'.[65] Disappointed by this change Allman decided that farming offered better prospects and retired from public service.[65] Francis had been granted 2560 acres near Muswellbrook in 1825 and had added 640 acres by purchase (in 1826[67], but in 1828 was established on a 500-acre property, Rathluba, near Maitland.[65] He was residing 1828,1829, "Rath Luba", Wallis Plains (Upper Hunter River), NSW.[1,46,64] In 1829 applied to the Colonial Secretary's Office for another land lease &/or purchase.[67] Francis continued to serve as a magistrate, but found little reward or success in his farming endeavours.[64,65] Resigned from the 48th Regiment, 14/4/1829, "sold out his commission".[64] {The 48th was ordered to travel to India, however Francis desired to remain behind, so he paid for an "early retirement" after having served 35 years of the standard 40.[10]} On 5/9/1832 Lieutenant Sleeman, who was then the resident Police Magistrate of the Illawarra district, retired from that position to accompany his regiment (the 39th) which was die to embark to India.[11] Francis, having sought re-employment in the public service, was his replacement and he arrived in Wollongong in 1832.[11,65] Francis was known as the 'Old Major' (although he never actually had that rank, his age and bearing may have given rise to his affectionately being called 'Major') and had nearly completed 40 years in the army (he enlisted 1794) and had just retired from the army by the time he arrived in Wollongong.[11] Captain Allman was resident Police Magistrate at Illawarra from 5/9/1832 until 15/2/1834, when he was transferred to Goulburn and was replaced by William Nairn Gray.[11] His salary was £150 per annum.[11] Francis was known to be easy-going and adverse to inflicting floggings upon convicts or soldiers.[11] He was proud of the fact that throughout his long military career he had never had one of his men flogged.[11] This adversion to flogging was not shared by the rest of the free Illawarra community and resulted in trouble for Francis.[11] When local settlers presented their convicts to Captain Allman for punishment they were alarmed when he balked at dispensing the lash.[11] They did not feel he was severe enough. Tensions soon developed and the results of this leniency on the part of Francis were almost inevitable.[11] From the autobiography of Francis' clerk, H. Bennett (writing as "Alexander Harris"): "Unfortunately the major gave the settlers too many chances to retaliate. They got up a memorial to the Governor ... The Governor at that time [Sir Richard Bourke] being a thorough sub-acid Tory, the major was removed."[11] Francis was subsequently transferred to Goulburn.[11] It would appear that during his stint as the Illawarra Magistrate, Francis left much of the work to his clerk, who wrote about Francis: "[He] neither knew, nor wanted to know, anything about it [i.e. the business of the Court] .... When I had, as clerk, drawn the depositions, I had next to be 'the court', and write down at the foot of them what I thought was a proper judgement .... The papers were handed to him [Allman] to sign, and I then read them aloud, together with the judgement .... As a consequence, the settlers often came off signally ill, whilst the wretched convicts escaped when they were expecting fifty lashes, or a month in the iron-gang."[11] The official records indicate that Francis actually did hand out sentences of lashings, however he seemed to prefer to issue reprimands and admonitions.[11] The official records indicate that Francis was transferred to Goulburn early in 1834 after apparently embarrassing Mr Henry Osborne (a prominent local free settler and substantial land owner) in front of a convict servant (actually Bennett's servant David Sefton).[11] Francis had previously criticised Osborne's harsh treatment of his convict servants.[11] As Osborne was a wealthy and therefore powerful man in the Colony, he successfully petitioned the Governor to reprimand Captain Allman.[11] Governor Bourke was politically of Whig persuasion and generally supported liberal and humanitarian views, and whilst he would have encouraged Allman's leniency towards the convicts, he could not condone the open embarrassment of a free settler such as Henry Osborne, at a time when immigration was being encouraged and widespread insurrection by the large convict population was a real fear on the part of the local free population. As a result, Governor Bourke acted in Osborne's favour and dismissed Captain Allman from his Illawarra posting, transferring him to Goulburn.[11] The following letter, addressed to Captain Allman, gives Henry Osborne's view of the incident:

"Marshall Mount, Illawarra, Jan 10 34 Sir On reflecting on the conversation I had with you yesterday which I consider conveyed an insinuation that I either did not give my men what they were entitled to by the Govt. regulations or otherwise I was deficient in the management of assigned Servants on account of the turbulence and discontent which prevails on my establishment more than others in the District - you must be aware how prejudicial an insinuation of this kind must be both to my interest and personal safety under the present excitement of the Colony and from such a source made in the presence of a Prisoner of the Crown. As I consider I always acted up to the regulations concerning assigned Servants, I court investigation, and then you as the official Person here will be able to Judge whether the turbulence and discontent which you allege exists on my Farm more than others in the district arises from my improper management or from some other cause over which I have no control. I have Sir the honour to be Your obedient humble Servant Henry Osborne To Francis Allman"[11]

Apparently Captain Allman transmitted Osborne's letter of complaint to Governor Bourke, who replied on the 18th, requesting an explanation from the magistrate, to which Allman obliged. This letter from Captain Allman to the Governor gives his view of the incident:

"Police Office, Wollongong, 1st February 1834 Sir I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of date 18th ultimo and with reference to my communications transmitting Mr Henry Osborne's letter of the 10th January, advising me that His Excellency the Governor considers I was much to blame in making any general observation of the kind alluded to in the presence of an assigned servant, and that any case before me should have been decided on its merits, also informing me that if I felt it necessary to convey advice or admonitions to Mr Osborne it would have been better done in private. As I think it possible there exists some misunderstanding with respect to the motives that induced my conduct on this occasion, I respectfully beg to trouble His Excellency with the following statement. On the 10th January Mr Henry Osborn came to the Police Office there was only present that Gentleman, myself and the individual named in the margin (David Sefton, Prince Regent, Life) who is employed by the Clerk with my consent to assist in making up returns for the Court of Requests and Police. Mr Henry Osborn having remarked on the general conduct of his men, I answered that it seemed to me 'they were more dissatisfied than on many other Establishments in the District and that I was obliged to threaten with punishment one or two of the road Gang before they would consent to go to that Gentleman.' I beg to assure His Excellency that when I made this observation there was no case before the Court, and that on a recent occasion when reports reached me of Mr Osborns men not having sufficient time to grind allowed them, I made such known to him in a private and confidential note which I trust will show that nothing could be more remote from my intention than saying or doing anything prejudicial to Mr Osborns interest, a Gentleman whose character deserves the highest consideration. I have the honor to be Your obedient humble Servant Francis Allman J.P. To the Honourable, The Colonial Secretary"[11]

As a result of this incident, which was obviously the culmination of long simmering tensions between Francis Allman and Henry Osborne, Governor Bourke discreetly sacked (removed) Captain Allman from his position as Police Magistrate at Wollongong.[11] The initial episode between Francis and Osborne occurred on 9/1/1834 and Francis was officially replaced on 15/2/1834.[11] A month later, 15/3/1834,[11,65] Francis left for Goulburn, where he also served as Police Magistrate,[9,64,65] and he was officially replaced at Wollongong by William Nairn Gray, 4/3/1834.[11] After Goulburn Francis was appointed, 7/1836,[65] the Police Magistrate at Campbelltown,[3,9,34,64] still holding that position as of 29/12/1842.[34] From the 10/5/1839 to 17/5/1839, Lady Jane Franklin (second wife of Sir John Franklin, noted Arctic explorer and Governor of Van Dieman’s Land (Tasmania) during 1837-1843) toured the Illawarra area and kept a lengthy diary of her travels.[66] Francis and his family are mentioned several times and her writings shed the sort of light on Francis that official records would never reveal:

"[p.204] Friday 10th May / Campbell Town• to Appin. 10 miles Captn Allman has been 2 yrs here - he was nearly 3 at Goulburn, left it on account of health of daughter, but no good had ensued. Appearance of poverty & discomfort in house - he is elderly man wearing a sort of shovel hat - she elderly & fat, d. dis looking [d. dis looking = 'the daughter disagreeable looking']. Having asked us to go in and take luncheon, which I declined, when we did, not a word more sd about it.C.T. is misly supplied with water. When Genl Macqe founded it, it had been long flooded. has no river nearer than Nepean 4 m off, & trickles to ponds & creeks which this season have dried up. It was thought the settlement must be removed to the river - is fine wheatlands to top of hills, which are now denuded of trees. There are about 250 people in Campbell Town - got a new Mt Police here."[66]

Which daughter Lady Jane referred to is unknown - of Francis' 4 daughters, 3 were alive at the time and all three lived for many more decades. A few days later, on the 17th, Lady Jane again met up with Francis and she wrote:

"[p.238] Hope, Dr of Campbelltown, Mr George Kemp, eldest of Mr K. living 2 miles off, & several others. After getting some lunch in room, we came out & spoke to them. A phaeton waiting for us. Poor widow in mourning, keeping a little farm here with a free man & prisoner servant. Sent me in a petition abt her son transported to VDL &c. spoke to her. Got into phaeton, all the gents got behind & Mr Elliott on side saddle upon Hyorayamen. Passed neat cottage near rd about 3 m. from Appin, which was supposed to be Mr Hume's. drove to Miss Andrew's inn near Captn A's. Excused ourselves from dining & with Captn A. & thought he was not sorry. He had Mr Kemp with him & asked the gents who went in evening there Captn A. had received note from Dr Hall of Liverpool, saying as Major Christie was called to join his Regiment, hoped I wd lunch there & he wd send us on to Sydney, if agreeable, or had 2 bedrooms for us. [p.239] Captn Allman readily yielded to our wish not to go to his house, neither did his ladies call in morning. 6 or 8 mt police in full dress with Mr Waddy, their officer, to attend us. How or where they were got together I cannot tell. begged Captn A. to thank the lender of the Phaeton. As passed his gate, saw the ladies there greeting us."[66]

In 2/1843 Francis succeeded George Bowen as magistrate at Berrima and as commissioner of the Court of Requests.[9,64,65] {[9] indicates Francis also held public office at Yass & Wellington prior to his retirement, however there is no record of this in his official biography} Francis eventually retired from public life in 1844,[64] settling at Yass, where he remained until his death.[10,64] {Francis is said to have selected the site for the town of Yass (eg.[9]), however this is doubtful. The Yass area was first visited by Europeans in 1821 (an expedition led by Hamilton Hume) and by 1830 settlement had begun. By the time the site of Yass township was gazetted in 1837, Francis had been in continual public service in the Illawarra region (Illawarra, Campbelltown and then Berrima), none of these offices would have had any jurisdiction over Yass.[Wikipedia]}

Captain Francis Allman was born on 1st November, 1780, in County Clare, Ireland, the second son of an English couple, John and Harriet Allman. On the early death of his father, Francis, with his two brothers who were little more than boys (Francis 14 yrs.), they entered the Army. Francis took part in a number of military operations with the 48th Northamptonshire Regiment of Foot. He was present at the battles of Albuera, Buraco and Talavera in the wars against Napoleon. At Albeura, Captain Allman went into action in the morning in command of a Company of 100 men - in the evening after the battle, six men only answered to the muster roll, leaving 94 men killed and wounded in the field. Amongst the latter, was Captain Allman who had received a sabre wound in the head, from the effects of which he suffered up to the time of his death. The Division to which Allman's Regiment was part, had been literally cut to pieces when surrounded by the enemy, not a red-coat except the dead and the dying was to be seen near him. He had received the full force of a French Dragoon's heavy sabre on his bare head, whilst engaged with two of the enemy. A French Captain, a Freemason, recognised the sign of the Brotherhood, saved his wounded enemy from the certain death which awaited him and having made him partake of same brandy from a flask, saw him safely conveyed to the rear and had his wound dressed by the French surgeon before he left him to return to the field, where, in a few hours he received his own death wound. Allman remained a prisoner until 1815, and in consideration of his wounds, he was granted a life pension of £100 per annum. On the 30th April, 1818, he arrived in Sydney aboard the transport "Minerva" in charge of the 48th Regiment, He was accompanied by his wife Sarah (daughter of Paymaster James Wilson) whom he had married in Gibralter in 1807, and their three children, Francis William, b. 1815, John James b, 1815, Sarah, b. 1814 shortly after their arrival Maria was born 1818, and Harriet in 1820. In 1821, when Governor Macquarie ordered the establishment of a penal settlement at Port Macquarie, he appointed Captain Allman as Commandant and Magistrate, he being described as "a very steady, good officer and perfectly competent in all other respects for such an important charge". So it was that on 17th March, 1821, Captain Allman's party of three ships, "The Lady Nelson", "Prince Regent" and "Mermaid", set sail from Sydney with 41 soldiers, 60 convicts and their families aboard. During his time in Port Macquarie, the settlement progressed steadily and his son George Cimitiere was born in 1822. His work at Port Macquarie was completed in 1824 and he was transferred to Newcastle as Commandant, where Frederic was born in 1827 and Mary Ann in 1829. After various appointments he retired to Yass in 1844, and died there in 1860, age 80 years. He was buried with full military honours in the Church of England Cemetery, Yass. Sarah died 6th February, 1860, aged 75, and is buried there too. It is written that his success in life was not that he was flamboyant, but rather that "he was a kindly, considerate man who respected people."[10]

Married Sarah[1,2] Wilson,[3,8,64] 1/10/1807, Gibraltar.[8,64] Sarah, d/o John Wilson & Sarah Robertson, was born 25/2/1780, Scotland,[3,64] ([1] gives dob of 1787), and died 6/2/1864, Yass, NSW,[2,40,64] probate granted to George Cimetiere Allman, son.[40] Lieutenant John Wilson was the 48th Regiment's paymaster.[64] Resided 1821, Port Macquarie, NSW.[5,6] Resided 1827, Newcastle, NSW.[10] Resided c.1840, No.40 Watt Street, Newcastle, NSW.[86]

Children of Francis Allman & Sarah Wilson:

"Rathluba was constructed about 1860 (between December 1860 and February 1863 based on the births of his children[63]) for prominent Yass solicitor, George Cimitiere Allman (whose father, Captain Francis Allman, is understood to have selected the site of the town of Yass in 1829). G C Allman was prominent in Yass civic life, being a trustee of the Mechanics' Institute (which he helped to found), St Clements Church (whose construction he helped to establish) and the Market Reserve; he also played a leading role in establishing the district hospital, was a prominent Freemason and was onetime president of the Yass Chess Club. Following Allman`s death in 1872, Rathluba was occupied by his widow. When she died the house passed to Edward Iceton, who too was a Yass solicitor (and George's partner.[63] In 1912 Rathluba was sold to Henry Barber and it has remained in the hands of the Barber family since that time (at least up until the time of nomination). The residence is a symmetrical building designed in the Victorian Regency style. It is built of stuccoed brick lined in imitation of ashlar and the roof is hipped and clad with corrugated iron; the colour scheme of the house may be original. The front door is four panelled and there are panelled French doors with fanlights above. A major feature of the facade is a bullnose verandah which is supported by decorative openwork iron columns; the ends of the verandah have been enclosed. To the rear stand several outbuildings. The residence is part of a group of similar buildings (separately registered) which makes an important contribution to the visual character of Grampian Street."[44]

"William Allman, Theft > burglary, 15th January 1800. Reference Number: t18000115-6 Verdict: Guilty Punishment: Death William Allman was indicted for breaking and entering the dwelling-house of Stephen Wilson the elder, about the hour of seven in the night of the 26th of December, with intent to steal, and stealing a pair of stays, value 18s. the property of the said Stephen. Stephen Wilson sworn. - I am a stay-maker, No. 19, Plumptree-street, Bloomsbury: On the 26th of December, about half past seven o'clock in the evening, I was sitting in the parlour, I heard a pane of glass break; I got up, and went into the shop as quick as I possibly could, I saw a man pull a pair of stays through a hold in the window; I then made to the street-door as quick-as I could, I went down the street a little way, and saw the prisoner with another man, my son had got the prisoner in custody; the prisoner said he did not know any thing of it. Stephen Wilson, jun. sworn. - I heard the square of glass break twice; I went out and pursued, and found the prisoner in the hands of Brewer; I saw the stays lying at the prisoner's feet. - Brewer sworn. - I was coming along the street, going to Oxford-road, I was running, and saw one man break the window and take a pair of stays, and then I saw the prisoner take another pair of stays, and I seized him, with the stays upon him. Prosecutor. (Produces the stays) I know these to be my stays, I made them; I lost two pair. Prisoner's defence. I was coming from my sister's in Bloomsbury-market, I had a stick in my hand, I saw a man break the window and take out a pair of stays; I made a blow at him with the stick, and knocked the stays out of his hand; that was the way they came to be at my feet, and this man laid hold of me immediately. Guilty. Death. (Aged 19) Tried by the first Middlesex Jury, before Mr. Justice Heath."[56]

"The Criterion Hotel is a two-storeyed brick building, with a principal western facade addressing Palmerin Street, the main street of Warwick. The long street frontage features a two-storeyed filigree verandah running its full length with a masonry parapet above, whose central bay announces the hotel's name, and 1917 as its date of construction. Behind the parapet is a meandering mostly-hipped corrugated iron roof, over the main wing and the three perpendicular accommodation wings running east. At ground level, the street frontage has a series of decorated entries to the different areas of the hotel and an adjoining tenancy.The stop-chamfered timber posts of the verandah are paired at the ends and the three central bays. Arched between these posts on both levels is a slatted timber valance. To the upper level is a cast iron balustrade with a clover leaf motif to the centre of each panel. The underside of the verandah is clad in ripple iron, with gutters to its internal perimeter. The verandah has a corrugated iron bull-nosed roof with a gabled entry porch over the central bay.The external walls are unpainted brickwork, with painted plaster ornamentation to the western facade. The openings to the lower level of this facade are decorated with moulded plaster archways with keystones, cornices and projecting window sills and are separated by fluted pilasters. There is a series of entrances which, beginning from the north, lead to a tenancy, a blocked shopfront possibly also a former tenancy, the Public Bar, the Stair Hall leading to the accommodation wings, and the Lounge Bar which leads into the Bistro area. The recessed entry vestibule leading to the Stair Hall features tessellated floor tiles. The main bedrooms open onto this verandah. The painted pilasters continue through the first level separating the doorways to the Bedrooms of this wing. Above the verandah roof is a rendered entablature and balustraded parapet with pedestals topped also with a clover leaf motif.The rear wings are generally of unpainted brickwork, including several brick chimneys decorated with cornices and corbels. Each wing is terminated with a timber lean-to, housing the amenities. The verandahs of these wings have cast iron balustrades matching that of the western verandah.The Public Bar features a silky oak bar with a curved central bay and mirrored shelving behind. The style of the bar matches that of the Lounge Bar, though the end bays are not consistent. This supports the possibility that the two bars were once part of the same public bar and have been rearranged and relocated. The Public Bar also has leadlight windows, and a pressed metal ceiling featuring the face of the “Virgin Mary” keeping watch over the patrons.The Stair Hall also has several moulded plaster archways. The polished cedar stair has moulded square balusters, carved newels and a panelled spandrel beneath. The stair is dog-legged, with leadlight windows to the landing.From the Stair Hall, entry to the Lounge Bar is through a doorway in a glazed timber bar screen. The bar, similar in style to that of the Public Bar, has a curved corner to the eastern end and a timber bar screen to western end, which is similar to the screen of the doorway. There is a pressed metal ceiling and cornice, forming coffers between the beams. Beyond the Lounge is the Bistro area which also has a pressed metal ceiling with borders, cornices and roses. From here several french doors lead into beer garden courtyard.In the central wing across the courtyard is the laundry, the kitchen and the former Dining Room now used for serving breakfast. This wing is approached from the Stair Hall along a timber verandah which continues around the wing. The upper level of this verandah also has a ripple iron soffit with internal gutters.The main stair arrives at the First Floor in the upper Stair Hall which has moulded archways less ornate than that of the lower level. From the mid-landing is a smaller stair of similar detail, which leads to the upper level verandah. From the Stair Hall run two corridors through the accommodation wings, a lounge leading to the western verandah, and the former Lobby and Ballroom which are now part of the manager's residence.The Bedrooms to the accommodation wings typically have low-waisted four panel doors with tilting fanlights. The rooms and corridors have pressed metal ceilings and a variety of plaster and timber archways. Exit doors commonly have coloured glass upper panels and flush lower panels.The Criterion Hotel retains a substantial amount of its internal joinery including the main staircase, although some has been relocated within the hotel. There is also an extensive range of pressed metal ceilings, including the unusual “Virgin Mary” motif in the Public Bar."[23]

"The National Hotel is situated on the corner of Grafton and Lyons Streets, some three blocks to the east of Warwick's main street. It consists of a two-storeyed brick main block with filigree verandahs to both streets frontages, a two-storeyed brick accommodation wing which runs west to the rear of the main block, and a small corrugated iron garage on the northern side. The two-storeyed filigree verandah extends over the footpath to the south and part of the east side, then continues along the eastern and western facades. It has stop-chamfered timber posts which are tripled at the splayed corner. The upper level mostly has a cast iron balustrade, with a cast iron fringe and brackets below, but as the eastern verandah returns the balustrade becomes timber lattice with a boarded valance below. The verandahs have a bull-nosed roof with shaped rafters, and a ripple iron underside with internal gutters to its perimeter. To the street facades above the verandah is an articulated parapet with cornice, pedestals and urns, and at the centre of the eastern side the date of 1887. Behind the parapet are two parallel hipped corrugated iron roofs forming a central gutter. In contrast, the roof to the west wing is a single hipped roof. There is also several brick chimneys with corbelled tops and terra-cotta cowls. At ground level the street facades have plaster mouldings including window and door surrounds, and quoining to the corners. Here, the brickwork between has been painted, but otherwise it is unpainted, laid in English bond. There are two entrances with "PRIVATE ENTRANCE" lettered in the architraves above the door. These are centrally located on each street facade, with panelled doors and leadlight side and toplights. There is also a further entry at the splayed corner which leads to the Public Bar. Although substantially remodelled, the Public Bar retains its pressed metal ceiling with beam surrounds, cornices and roses. From both private entrances, generous corridors lead to a central arched vestibule which features moulded pilasters and archways with keystones. Adjoining is the main stair in polished cedar, with square moulded balusters and carved newels. The Stair Hall is lit by a stained glass leadlight window. Beside the Stair Hall is the Dining Room which also retains its pressed metal ceiling with cornices, borders, beam cladding and roses. There is a timber chimney piece and hatch to the Kitchen. Other ground floor rooms formerly the Parlour, the Smoking Room and the Lounge also retain their pressed metal ceilings, but have altered layouts partly because of the addition of toilets. The First Floor of the main block is generally accommodation. The rooms to the southern end have been divided off as the Manager's Residence, but generally retains its layout and pressed metal ceilings and cornices.. There is a Lounge located centrally at this level, from which lead several corridors to the verandahs and to the west wing. Generally at this level, there are pressed metal ceilings and cornices through the halls and bedrooms. The doors are low-waisted four panel doors with tilting fanlights. To the north-eastern corner of the verandah is an external timber stair with moulded square balusters, square newels with ball motifs, and boarded spandrel, all less decorative than the main stair. The west wing brickwork is laid in stretcher bond, which is different to that of the main block. Entrance at both levels is via a timber connection from the main block with the upper level being enclosed. From each entrance runs a central corridor with bedrooms to either side, with some rooms having been converted to bathrooms. To the exterior of the northern facade is a simple timber escape stair. The building is substantially intact both internally and externally, with only minor alterations being made to the layout. It retains much of the pressed metal ceilings and joinery. Of the outbuildings, only one survives as the present garage, which was possibly the former laundry."[25]

1. Albert William Allman,[14,69,75] born 30/10/1853,[2,13,15,69,70,76] Bearstead, Co Kent, England.[70] {A family bible gives place of birth as Maidstone.[75] Exact DOB given only by [76], however month is abbreviated & only partially readable (parts of the page are missing due to insect damage), ending in (c/e)tr. A comparison with other letters indicates the 1st letter is not a D, S or N, leaving O(ctober) as the only other possibility} Died 19/6/1924,[2,15,75,76] Marrickville, Sydney, NSW,[2] and buried 1924, Rookwood Cemetery Independent Methodist Section.[15] "A good husband & father. Gone to his rest."[76] Bricklayer, 1881.[70] Married Mary Ann[2,13,70,75] Wickenden,[14] 1877, Co Kent, England.[75] Mary born 3/5/1855,[13,15,70,76] Folkestone, Co Kent, England,[70,75] died 25/12/1950,[15,76] Sydney, NSW & buried 1950, Rookwood Cemetery Independent Methodist Section.[15] "A loving & faithful wife & mother. God has given her peace."[76] Resided 1881, 31 Mill Lane, Borden, Co Kent, England.[70] Albert, Mary Ann & 3 children emigrated to Sydney, NSW in 1883, arriving on the "Rialto".[13,69] {Note that the online assisted passenger list[13] gives Albert's name as Robert, however it is correctly recorded on the actual passenger listing.[69]} The family appears to have spent some time in the late 1880's living in Victoria.

Children of Albert William Allman & Mary Ann Wickenden:

"ALLMAN, George Henry. Wife Lydia Jane writes in 1918; they were married in England 31 years ago, he has never supported her and she now seeks this; she is now living in Tasmania. He is found in NSW, married to a Miss MEALEY, aged 61 yrs and deaf, and supported by his wife. 5 pages."[61]

1. Thomas Allman, s/o Thomas Sr,[78] born 1828.[60,78] Died 3/5/1891, Destitute Asylum, No.82 Kintore Avenue, Adelaide, South Australia.[60,78] Shoemaker, 1861.[78] Gas fitter, 1865.[78] Bootmaker, 1874, 1875, 1876, 1891.[78] Married Jemima Kate Hiatt.[78,79] Jemima born 1829 & died 20/9/1919, Llewelyn Street, Hawthorn, Adelaide, South Australia (90yo) & buried Church of England Cemetery, Mitcham, Adelaide, South Australia.[78] Thomas & his family emigrated to South Australia, 25/12/1865, on the Gosforth, departing from Plymouth, England.[78,79] (Thomas (36yo), Jemima (36yo), Elizabeth Mary (11yo), Jemima (9yo), Harriett (6yo).[78]) Resided 1861, No.1 Holland Street, Christchurch, Southwark, London, England.[78] Resided 1874-1891, Adelaide, South Australia.[78]

Children of Thomas Allman: